使用Ansible快速部署HBase集群

背景

出于数据安全的考虑，自研了一个低成本的时序数据存储系统，用于存储历史行情数据。

系统借鉴了 InfluxDB 的列存与压缩策略，并基于 HBase 实现了海量存储能力。

由于运维同事缺乏 Hadoop 全家桶的运维经验，只能由我这个研发临时兼职，亲自指挥亲自部署了。

Hadoop 发行版选择

目前可选的方案并不多，主要有：

• CDH 目前中小企业选型首选的发行版
• Amibari 最为灵活的且可定制的发行版
• Apache 最原始的发行版

CDH 的缺点：

• Hadoop 组件的版本老旧，不支持新的 API
• JDK 版本受限，无法受益于新版 JDK 带来的性能提升
• 存在大量已知且未修复的 Bug，为后续运维埋下隐患
• 新版本的 CDH 不再免费，无法免费升级

Amibari 的缺点：

• 文档较少，构建困难（前端组件版本较旧，构建直接报错）
• 该项目已经退役，未来不再进行维护

Apache 的缺陷：

• 部署流程复杂，版本兼容可能会踩坑
• 监控系统不完善，自己搭建需要一定的动手能力

最终方案

系统规划现状：

• 合规严格要求，必须避免版权纠纷
• 集群规模不大，节点数量小于 50
• 没有 Hadoop 相关研发能力，无法自主修复 Bug
• 需要保证查询性能，最好能用上 ZGC 或 ShenandoahGC

最终敲定基于原始的 Apache 发行版搭建 HBase 集群。

版本选择

HBase 组件

版本选择如下：

• Adoptium JDK
• HBase 2.4.11 (JDK 17)
• Hadoop 3.2.3 (JDK 8)
• Zookeeper 3.6.3 (JDK 17)

Hadoop 版本

Hadoop 3.3.x 之后不再使用 native 版本的 snappy 与 lz4（相关链接），而最新的 HBase 稳定版 2.4.x 版尚未适配该变更，因此选择 3.2.x 版本。

而 Hadoop 3.2.x 依赖 Zookeeper 3.4.14 的客户端，无法运行在 JDK14 以上的环境（参考案例），因此使用 JDK 8 进行部署。

Zookeeper 版本

Zookeeper 3.6.x 是自带 Prometheus 监控版本中最低的，并且高版本 Zookeeper 保证了对低版本客户端的兼容性，因此选择该版本。并且该版本已经支持 JDK 11 部署，因此可以放心的将 JRE 升级为 JDK 17 进行部署。

JDK 发行版

JDK 17 是首个支持 ZGC 的 LTS 版本。因 Oracle JDK17 暂不支持 ShenandoahGC，最终选择 Adoptium JDK。网上有朋友分享过在 JDK 15 上部署 CDH 版 HBase 的经验，但需要打一个 Patch，具体步骤参考附录。

运维工具

为了弥补 Apache 发行版难以运维的缺点，需要借助两个高效的开源运维工具：

Ansible

一款简单易用的自动化部署工具

• 支持幂等部署，减少部署过程中出错概率
• 通过 ssh 实现通信，侵入性低，无需安装 agent
• playbook 可以将运维操作文档化，方便他人接手

Ansible 版本的分界线是 2.9.x，该版本是最后一个支持 Python 2.x 的版本。为了适应现有的运维环境，最终选择该版本。

不过有条件还是建议升级到 Python 3.x 以上，并使用更新版本的 Ansible。毕竟有些 Bug 只在新版本修复，不会同步至低版本。

Prometheus

新一代监控告警平台

• 独特的 PromQL 提供灵活高效的查询能力
• 自带 TSDB 与 AlertManager，部署架构简单
• 生态组件丰富
  • 通过 JMX Exporter 实现监控指标接入
  • 通过 Grafana 实现监控指标的可视化

没有历史包袱，可以直接选择最新版。

配置详解

为了保证配置变更的可追溯性，使用 Git 新建了一个工程来维护部署脚本，整个工程的目录结构如下：

.├── hosts├── ansible.cfg├── book│   ├── config-hadoop.yml│   ├── config-hbase.yml│   ├── config-metrics.yml│   ├── config-zk.yml│   ├── install-hadoop.yml│   ├── sync-host.yml│   └── vars.yml├── conf│   ├── hadoop│   │   ├── core-site.xml│   │   ├── hdfs-site.xml│   │   ├── mapred-site.xml│   │   ├── workers│   │   └── yarn-site.xml│   ├── hbase│   │   ├── backup-masters│   │   ├── hbase-site.xml│   │   └── regionservers│   ├── metrics│   │   ├── exports│   │   │   ├── hmaster.yml│   │   │   ├── jmx_exporter.yml│   │   │   └── regionserver.yml│   │   └── targets│   │       ├── hadoop-cluster.yml│   │       ├── hbase-cluster.yml│   │       └── zk-cluster.yml│   └── zk│       ├── myid│       └── zoo.cfg└── repo    ├── hadoop    │   ├── apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz    │   ├── hadoop-3.2.3.tar.gz    │   ├── hbase-2.4.11-bin.tar.gz    │   ├── hbase-2.4.11-src.tar.gz    │   ├── hbase-server-2.4.11.jar    │   ├── OpenJDK17U-jdk_x64_linux_hotspot_17.0.2_8.tar.gz    │   ├── OpenJDK8U-jdk_x64_linux_hotspot_8u322b06.tar.gz    │   └── repo.md5    └── metrics        └── jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.16.1.jar

各个目录的作用

• repo ：存储用于部署的二进制的文件
• book ：存储 ansible-playbook 的自动化脚本
• conf ：存储 HBase 组件的配置模板

hosts 文件

对主机进行分类，便于规划集群部署：

[newborn][nodes]172.20.72.1 hostname='my.hadoop1 my.hbase1 my.zk1'172.20.72.2 hostname='my.hadoop2 my.hbase2 my.zk2'172.20.72.3 hostname='my.hadoop3 my.hbase3 my.zk3'172.20.72.4 hostname='my.hadoop4 my.hbase4'[zk_nodes]my.zk1 ansible_host=172.30.73.209 myid=1my.zk2 ansible_host=172.30.73.210 myid=2my.zk3 ansible_host=172.30.73.211 myid=3[hadoop_nodes]my.hadoop[1:4][namenodes]my.hadoop1 id=nn1 rpc_port=8020 http_port=9870my.hadoop2 id=nn2 rpc_port=8020 http_port=9870[datanodes]my.hadoop[1:4][journalnodes]my.hadoop1 journal_port=8485my.hadoop2 journal_port=8485my.hadoop3 journal_port=8485[resourcemanagers]my.hadoop3 id=rm1 peer_port=8032 tracker_port=8031 scheduler_port=8030 web_port=8088my.hadoop4 id=rm2 peer_port=8032 tracker_port=8031 scheduler_port=8030 web_port=8088[hbase_nodes]my.hbase[1:4][hmasters]my.hbase[1:2][regionservers]my.hbase[1:4][all:vars]ansible_user=admindeploy_dir=/optdata_dir=/data

ansible.cfg 文件

ansile 的基础配置文件：

[defaults]inventory      = ./hostshost_key_checking = False

conf 目录

conf/zk 目录

zoo.cfg

# ZK 与客户端间的心跳间隔，单位 millstickTime=2000# Leader 与 Follower 间建立连接的超时时间，单位为 tickinitLimit=30# Leader 与 Follower 间通信的超时时间，单位为 ticksyncLimit=5# 快照目录dataDir={{ zk_data_dir }}# WAL目录，最好为其指定一个独立的空闲设备（建议使用 SSD）dataLogDir={{ zk_data_log_dir }}# 使用默认通信端口clientPort=2181# 增加最大连接数maxClientCnxns=2000# 开启 Prometheus 监控metricsProvider.className=org.apache.zookeeper.metrics.prometheus.PrometheusMetricsProvidermetricsProvider.httpHost={{ ansible_host | default(inventory_hostname) }}metricsProvider.httpPort=7000metricsProvider.exportJvmInfo=true# 配置集群信息# server.{myid}={server-address}:{rpc-port}:{election-port}{% for host in groups['zk_nodes'] %}server.{{ hostvars[host]['myid'] }}={{ hostvars[host]['ansible_host'] }}:2888:3888{% endfor %}

myid

{{ myid }}

conf/hadoop 目录

core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration>  <!-- 指定 NameNode 地址 (使用集群名称替代) -->  <property>    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>    <value>hdfs://{{ hdfs_name }}</value>  </property>  <!-- 指定数据存储目录 -->  <property>    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>    <value>{{ hadoop_data_dir }}</value>  </property>  <!-- 指定 Web 用户权限（默认用户 dr.who 无法上传文件） -->  <property>     <name>hadoop.http.staticuser.user</name>     <value>{{ ansible_user }}</value>  </property>  <!-- 指定 DFSZKFailoverController 所需的 ZK -->  <property>    <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>    <value>{{ groups['zk_nodes'] | map('regex_replace','^(.+)$','\\1:2181') | join(',') }}</value>  </property></configuration>

hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration> <!-- NameNode 数据存储目录 --> <property>   <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>   <value>file://${hadoop.tmp.dir}/name</value> </property> <!-- DataNode 数据存储目录 --> <property>   <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>   <value>file://${hadoop.tmp.dir}/data</value> </property> <!-- JournalNode 数据存储目录（绝对路径，不能带 file://） --> <property>   <name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>   <value>${hadoop.tmp.dir}/journal</value> </property> <!-- HDFS 集群名称 --> <property>   <name>dfs.nameservices</name>   <value>{{ hdfs_name }}</value> </property> <!-- 集群 NameNode 节点列表 --> <property>   <name>dfs.ha.namenodes.{{hdfs_name}}</name>   <value>{{ groups['namenodes'] | map('extract', hostvars) | map(attribute='id') | join(',') }}</value> </property> <!-- NameNode RPC 地址 --> {% for host in groups['namenodes'] %} <property>   <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.{{hdfs_name}}.{{hostvars[host]['id']}}</name>   <value>{{host}}:{{hostvars[host]['rpc_port']}}</value> </property> {% endfor %} <!-- NameNode HTTP 地址 --> {% for host in groups['namenodes'] %} <property>   <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.{{hdfs_name}}.{{hostvars[host]['id']}}</name>    <value>{{host}}:{{hostvars[host]['http_port']}}</value> </property> {% endfor %} <!-- NameNode 元数据在 JournalNode 上的存放位置 --> <property>   <name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>   <value>qjournal://{{groups['journalnodes'] | zip( groups['journalnodes']|map('extract', hostvars)|map(attribute='journal_port') )| map('join', ':') | join(';') }}/{{hdfs_name}}</value> </property> <!-- fail-over 代理类 (client 通过 proxy 来确定 Active NameNode) --> <property>   <name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.my-hdfs</name>   <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value> </property> <!-- 隔离机制 (保证只存在唯一的 Active NameNode) --> <property>   <name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>   <value>sshfence</value> </property> <!-- SSH 隔离机制依赖的登录秘钥 --> <property>   <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>   <value>/home/{{ ansible_user }}/.ssh/id_rsa</value> </property> <!-- 启用自动故障转移 --> <property>    <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>   <value>true</value> </property> <!-- NameNode 工作线程数量 --> <property>   <name>dfs.namenode.handler.count</name>   <value>21</value> </property></configuration>

yarn-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?><configuration> <!-- 启用 ResourceManager HA --> <property>   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>   <value>true</value> </property>   <!-- YARN 集群名称 --> <property>   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>   <value>{{yarn_name}}</value> </property>  <!-- ResourceManager 节点列表 --> <property>   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>   <value>{{ groups['resourcemanagers'] | map('extract', hostvars) | map(attribute='id') | join(',') }}</value> </property>   <!-- ResourceManager 地址 --> {% for host in groups['resourcemanagers'] %} <property>   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.{{hostvars[host]['id']}}</name>   <value>{{host}}</value> </property> {% endfor %} <!-- ResourceManager 内部通信地址 --> {% for host in groups['resourcemanagers'] %} <property>     <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address.{{hostvars[host]['id']}}</name>     <value>{{host}}:{{hostvars[host]['peer_port']}}</value> </property> {% endfor %} <!-- NM 访问 ResourceManager 地址 --> {% for host in groups['resourcemanagers'] %} <property>     <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.{{hostvars[host]['id']}}</name>     <value>{{host}}:{{hostvars[host]['tracker_port']}}</value> </property> {% endfor %} <!-- AM 向 ResourceManager 申请资源地址 --> {% for host in groups['resourcemanagers'] %} <property>     <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address.{{hostvars[host]['id']}}</name>     <value>{{host}}:{{hostvars[host]['scheduler_port']}}</value> </property> {% endfor %} <!-- ResourceManager Web 入口 --> {% for host in groups['resourcemanagers'] %} <property>     <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.{{hostvars[host]['id']}}</name>     <value>{{host}}:{{hostvars[host]['web_port']}}</value> </property> {% endfor %} <!-- 启用自动故障转移 --> <property>   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.recovery.enabled</name>   <value>true</value> </property> <!-- 指定 Zookeeper 列表 --> <property>   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>   <value>{{ groups['zk_nodes'] | map('regex_replace','^(.+)$','\\1:2181') | join(',') }}</value> </property> <!-- 将状态信息存储在 Zookeeper 集群--> <property>   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.store.class</name>   <value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.ZKRMStateStore</value> </property> <!-- 减少 ResourceManager 处理 Client 请求的线程--> <property>   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.client.thread-count</name>   <value>10</value> </property>   <!-- 禁止 NodeManager 自适应硬件配置（非独占节点）--> <property>   <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.detect-hardware-capbilities</name>   <value>false</value> </property> <!-- NodeManager 给容器分配的 CPU 核数--> <property>   <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.cpu-vcores</name>   <value>4</value> </property> <!-- NodeManager 使用物理核计算 CPU 数量（可选）--> <property>   <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.count-logical-processors-as-cores</name>   <value>false</value> </property>   <!-- 减少 NodeManager 使用内存--> <property>   <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>   <value>4096</value> </property>   <!-- 容器内存下限 --> <property>   <name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-mb</name>   <value>1024</value> </property>   <!-- 容器内存上限 --> <property>   <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-mb</name>   <value>2048</value> </property>   <!-- 容器CPU下限 --> <property>   <name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-vcores</name>   <value>1</value> </property>   <!-- 容器CPU上限 --> <property>   <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-vcores</name>   <value>2</value> </property>   <!-- 容器CPU上限 --> <property>   <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-vcores</name>   <value>2</value> </property> <!-- 关闭虚拟内存检查 --> <property>   <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name>   <value>false</value> </property> <!-- 设置虚拟内存和物理内存的比例 --> <property>   <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-pmem-ratio</name>   <value>2.1</value> </property> <!-- NodeManager 在 MR 过程中使用 Shuffle（可选）--> <property>   <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>   <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value> </property>  </configuration>

mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration> <!-- MapReduce 运行在 YARN 上 --> <property>   <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>   <value>yarn</value> </property> <!-- MapReduce Classpath --> <property>   <name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.env</name>   <value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}</value> </property> <property>   <name>mapreduce.map.env</name>   <value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}</value> </property> <property>   <name>mapreduce.reduce.env</name>   <value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}</value> </property> <!-- MapReduce JVM 参数（不允许换行） --> <property>   <name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.command-opts</name>   <value>-Xmx1024m --add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED</value> </property> <property>   <name>mapred.child.java.opts</name>   <value>--add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED -verbose:gc -Xloggc:/tmp/@taskid@.gc</value> </property></configuration>

workers

{% for host in groups['datanodes'] %}{{ host }}{% endfor %}

conf/hbase 目录

hbase-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration>  <property>    <name>hbase.tmp.dir</name>    <value>./tmp</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>hbase.rootdir</name>    <value>hdfs://{{ hdfs_name }}/hbase</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>hbase.master.maxclockskew</name>    <value>180000</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>    <value>true</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>      <value>{{ groups['zk_nodes'] | map('regex_replace','^(.+)$','\\1:2181') | join(',') }}</value>  </property></configuration>

regionservers

{% for host in groups['regionservers'] %}{{ host }}{% endfor %}

backup-masters

{% for host in groups['hmasters'][1:] %}{{ host }}{% endfor %}

conf/metrics/exports 目录

jmx_exporter.yml

---# https://github.com/prometheus/jmx_exporterstartDelaySeconds: 5ssl: falselowercaseOutputName: truelowercaseOutputLabelNames: truerules: # ignore service- pattern: Hadoop<service=(\w+), name=([\w-.]+), sub=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $4  labels:    name: "$2"    group: "$3"  attrNameSnakeCase: true# ignore service- pattern: Hadoop<service=(\w+), name=(\w+)-([^<]+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $4  labels:    name: "$2"    entity: "$3"  attrNameSnakeCase: true# ignore service- pattern: Hadoop<service=(\w+), name=([^<]+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $3  labels:    name: "$2"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: .+

hmaster.yml

---startDelaySeconds: 5ssl: falselowercaseOutputName: truelowercaseOutputLabelNames: trueblacklistObjectNames:- "Hadoop:service=HBase,name=JvmMetrics*"- "Hadoop:service=HBase,name=RegionServer,*"rules:- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=Master, sub=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)_(num_ops|min|max|mean|median|25th_percentile|75th_percentile|90th_percentile|95th_percentile|98th_percentile|99th_percentile|99.9th_percentile)  name: $2  labels:    group: "$1"    stat: "$3"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=Master, sub=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $2  labels:    group: "$1"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=Master><>([\w._]+)  name: $1  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=(\w+), sub=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $3  labels:    name: "$1"    group: "$2"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $2  labels:    name: "$1"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: .+

regionserver.yml

---startDelaySeconds: 5ssl: falselowercaseOutputName: truelowercaseOutputLabelNames: trueblacklistObjectNames:- "Hadoop:service=HBase,name=JvmMetrics*"- "Hadoop:service=HBase,name=Master,*"rules:- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=RegionServer, sub=Regions><>namespace_([\w._]+)_table_([\w._]+)_region_(\w+)_metric_([\w._]+)  name: $4  labels:    group: Regions    namespace: "$1"    table: "$2"    region: "$3"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=RegionServer, sub=Tables><>namespace_([\w._]+)_table_([\w._]+)_columnfamily_([\w._]+)_metric_([\w._]+)  name: $4  labels:    group: Tables    namespace: "$1"    table: "$2"    column_family: "$3"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=RegionServer, sub=(\w+)><>namespace_([\w._]+)_table_([\w._]+)_metric_([\w._]+)_(num_ops|min|max|mean|median|25th_percentile|75th_percentile|90th_percentile|95th_percentile|98th_percentile|99th_percentile|99.9th_percentile)  name: $4  labels:    group: "$1"    namespace: "$2"    table: "$3"    stat: "$5"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=RegionServer, sub=(\w+)><>namespace_([\w._]+)_table_([\w._]+)_metric_([\w._]+)  name: $4  labels:    group: "$1"    namespace: "$2"    table: "$3"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=RegionServer, sub=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)_(num_ops|min|max|mean|median|25th_percentile|75th_percentile|90th_percentile|95th_percentile|98th_percentile|99th_percentile|99.9th_percentile)  name: $2  labels:    group: "$1"    stat: "$3"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=RegionServer, sub=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $2  labels:    group: "$1"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=(\w+), sub=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $3  labels:    name: "$1"    group: "$2"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: Hadoop<service=HBase, name=(\w+)><>([\w._]+)  name: $2  labels:    name: "$1"  attrNameSnakeCase: true- pattern: .+

conf/metrics/targets 目录

zk-cluster.yml

- targets:{% for host in groups['zk_nodes'] %}  - {{ host }}:7000{% endfor %}  labels:    service: zookeeper

hadoop-cluster.yml

- targets:{% for host in groups['namenodes'] %}  - {{ host }}:{{ namenode_metrics_port }}{% endfor %}  labels:    role: namenode    service: hdfs- targets:{% for host in groups['datanodes'] %}  - {{ host }}:{{ datanode_metrics_port }}{% endfor %}  labels:    role: datanode    service: hdfs- targets:{% for host in groups['journalnodes'] %}  - {{ host }}:{{ journalnode_metrics_port }}{% endfor %}  labels:    role: journalnode    service: hdfs- targets:{% for host in groups['resourcemanagers'] %}  - {{ host }}:{{ resourcemanager_metrics_port }}{% endfor %}  labels:    role: resourcemanager    service: yarn- targets:{% for host in groups['datanodes'] %}  - {{ host }}:{{ nodemanager_metrics_port }}{% endfor %}  labels:    role: nodemanager    service: yarn

hbase-cluster.yml

- targets:{% for host in groups['hmasters'] %}  - {{ host }}:{{ hmaster_metrics_port }}{% endfor %}  labels:    role: hmaster    service: hbase- targets:{% for host in groups['regionservers'] %}  - {{ host }}:{{ regionserver_metrics_port }}{% endfor %}  labels:    role: regionserver    service: hbase

book 目录

vars.yml

hdfs_name: my-hdfsyarn_name: my-yarn

sync-host.yml

---- name: Config Hostname & SSH Keys  hosts: nodes    connection: local  gather_facts: no  any_errors_fatal: true  vars:    hostnames: |      {% for h in groups['nodes'] if hostvars[h].hostname is defined %}{{h}} {{ hostvars[h].hostname }}      {% endfor %}  tasks:    - name: test connectivity      ping:      connection: ssh    - name: change local hostname       become: true      blockinfile:          dest: '/etc/hosts'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED HOSTNAME"        block: '{{ hostnames }}'      run_once: true    - name: sync remote hostname       become: true      blockinfile:          dest: '/etc/hosts'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED HOSTNAME"        block: '{{ hostnames }}'      connection: ssh    - name: fetch exist status      stat:        path: '~/.ssh/id_rsa'      register: ssh_key_path      connection: ssh    - name: generate ssh key      openssh_keypair:        path: '~/.ssh/id_rsa'        comment: '{{ ansible_user }}@{{ inventory_hostname }}'        type: rsa        size: 2048        state: present        force: no      connection: ssh      when: not ssh_key_path.stat.exists    - name: collect ssh key      command: ssh {{ansible_user}}@{{ansible_host|default(inventory_hostname)}} 'cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub'      register: host_keys  # cache data in hostvars[hostname].host_keys      changed_when: false    - name: create temp file      tempfile:        state: file        suffix: _keys      register: temp_ssh_keys      changed_when: false      run_once: true    - name: save ssh key ({{temp_ssh_keys.path}})      blockinfile:          dest: "{{temp_ssh_keys.path}}"          block: |            {% for h in groups['nodes'] if hostvars[h].host_keys is defined %}            {{ hostvars[h].host_keys.stdout }}            {% endfor %}        changed_when: false      run_once: true    - name: deploy ssh key      vars:        ssh_keys: "{{ lookup('file', temp_ssh_keys.path).split('\n') | select('match', '^ssh') | join('\n') }}"      authorized_key:        user: "{{ ansible_user }}"        key: "{{ ssh_keys }}"        state: present      connection: ssh

install-hadoop.yml

---- name: Install Hadoop Package  hosts: newborn  gather_facts: no  any_errors_fatal: true  vars:    local_repo: '../repo/hadoop'    remote_repo: '~/repo/hadoop'    package_info:      - {src: 'OpenJDK17U-jdk_x64_linux_hotspot_17.0.2_8.tar.gz', dst: 'java/jdk-17.0.2+8', home: 'jdk17'}      - {src: 'OpenJDK8U-jdk_x64_linux_hotspot_8u322b06.tar.gz', dst: 'java/jdk8u322-b06', home: 'jdk8'}      - {src: 'apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz', dst: 'apache/zookeeper-3.6.3', home: 'zookeeper'}      - {src: 'hbase-2.4.11-bin.tar.gz', dst: 'apache/hbase-2.4.11',home: 'hbase'}      - {src: 'hadoop-3.2.3.tar.gz', dst: 'apache/hadoop-3.2.3', home: 'hadoop'}  tasks:    - name: test connectivity      ping:    - name: copy hadoop package      copy:          src: '{{ local_repo }}'          dest: '~/repo'    - name: prepare directory      become: true # become root      file:        state: directory        path: '{{ deploy_dir }}/{{ item.dst }}'        owner: '{{ ansible_user }}'        group: '{{ ansible_user }}'        mode: 0775        recurse: yes      with_items: '{{ package_info }}'    - name: create link      become: true # become root      file:        state: link        src: '{{ deploy_dir }}/{{ item.dst }}'        dest: '{{ deploy_dir }}/{{ item.home }}'        owner: '{{ ansible_user }}'        group: '{{ ansible_user }}'      with_items: '{{ package_info }}'    - name: install package      unarchive:        src: '{{ remote_repo }}/{{ item.src }}'        dest: '{{ deploy_dir }}/{{ item.dst }}'        remote_src: yes        extra_opts:          - --strip-components=1      with_items: '{{ package_info }}'    - name: config /etc/profile      become: true      blockinfile:          dest: '/etc/profile'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED PROFILE"        block: |          export JAVA_HOME={{ deploy_dir }}/jdk8          export HADOOP_HOME={{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop          export HBASE_HOME={{ deploy_dir }}/hbase          export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH    - name: config zkEnv.sh      lineinfile:        path: '{{ deploy_dir }}/zookeeper/bin/zkEnv.sh'        line: 'JAVA_HOME={{ deploy_dir }}/jdk17'        insertafter: '^#\!\/usr\/bin'        firstmatch: yes    - name: config hadoop-env.sh      blockinfile:        dest: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED DEFAULT HADOOP ENV"        block: |          export JAVA_HOME={{ deploy_dir }}/jdk8    - name: config hbase-env.sh      blockinfile:        dest: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hbase/conf/hbase-env.sh'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED DEFAULT HBASE ENV"        block: |          export JAVA_HOME={{ deploy_dir }}/jdk17          export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false          export HBASE_LIBRARY_PATH={{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop/lib/native          export HBASE_OPTS="$HBASE_OPTS --add-exports=java.base/jdk.internal.access=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/jdk.internal=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.security.pkcs=ALL-UNNAMED --add-exports=java.base/sun.nio.ch=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/java.lang.reflect=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/java.nio=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/jdk.internal=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/jdk.internal.misc=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/jdk.internal.access=ALL-UNNAMED"    - name: patch hbase      copy:        src: '{{ local_repo }}/hbase-server-2.4.11.jar'        dest: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hbase/lib'        backup: no        force: yes    - name: link hadoop config      file:        state: link        src: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop/etc/hadoop/{{ item }}'        dest: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hbase/conf/{{ item }}'      with_items:         - core-site.xml        - hdfs-site.xml    - name: add epel-release repo      shell: 'sudo yum -y install epel-release && sudo yum makecache'    - name: install native libary      shell: 'sudo yum -y install snappy snappy-devel lz4 lz4-devel libzstd libzstd-devel'    - name: check hadoop native      shell: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop/bin/hadoop checknative -a'      register: hadoop_checknative      failed_when: false      changed_when: false      ignore_errors: yes      environment:        JAVA_HOME: '{{ deploy_dir }}/jdk8'    - name: hadoop native status      debug:        msg: "{{ hadoop_checknative.stdout_lines }}"    - name: check hbase native      shell: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hbase/bin/hbase --config ~/conf_hbase org.apache.hadoop.util.NativeLibraryChecker'      register: hbase_checknative      failed_when: false      changed_when: false      ignore_errors: yes      environment:        JAVA_HOME: '{{ deploy_dir }}/jdk17'        HBASE_LIBRARY_PATH: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop/lib/native'    - name: hbase native status      debug:        msg: "{{ hbase_checknative.stdout_lines|select('match', '^[^0-9]') | list }}"    - name: test native compresssion      shell: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hbase/bin/hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.CompressionTest file:///tmp/test {{ item }}'      register: 'compression'      failed_when: false      changed_when: false      ignore_errors: yes      environment:        JAVA_HOME: '{{ deploy_dir }}/jdk17'        HBASE_LIBRARY_PATH: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop/lib/native'      with_items:        - snappy        - lz4    - name: native compresssion status      vars:        results: "{{ compression | json_query('results[*].{type:item, result:stdout}') }}"      debug:        msg: |          {% for r in results %} {{ r.type }} => {{ r.result == 'SUCCESS' }} {% endfor %}

config-zk.yml

---- name: Change Zk Config  hosts: zk_nodes  gather_facts: no  any_errors_fatal: true  vars:    template_dir: ../conf/zk    zk_home: '{{ deploy_dir }}/zookeeper'    zk_data_dir: '{{ zk_home }}/status/data'    zk_data_log_dir: '{{ zk_home }}/status/logs'  tasks:    - name: Create data directory      file:        state: directory        path: '{{ item }}'        recurse: yes      with_items:         - '{{ zk_data_dir }}'        - '{{ zk_data_log_dir }}'    - name: Init zookeeper myid      template:        src: '{{ template_dir }}/myid'        dest: '{{ zk_data_dir }}'    - name: Update zookeeper env      become: true      blockinfile:        dest: '{{ zk_home }}/bin/zkEnv.sh'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED ZK ENV"        block: |          export SERVER_JVMFLAGS="-Xmx1G -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch -Djute.maxbuffer=8388608"      notify:        - Restart zookeeper service    - name: Update zookeeper config      template:        src: '{{ template_dir }}/zoo.cfg'        dest: '{{ zk_home }}/conf'      notify:        - Restart zookeeper service  handlers:    - name: Restart zookeeper service      shell:        cmd: '{{ zk_home }}/bin/zkServer.sh restart'

config-hadoop.yml

---- name: Change Hadoop Config  hosts: hadoop_nodes  gather_facts: no  any_errors_fatal: true  vars:    template_dir: ../conf/hadoop    hadoop_home: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop'    hadoop_conf_dir: '{{ hadoop_home }}/etc/hadoop'    hadoop_data_dir: '{{ data_dir }}/hadoop'  tasks:    - name: Include common vars      include_vars: file=vars.yml    - name: Create data directory      become: true      file:        state: directory        path: '{{ hadoop_data_dir }}'        owner: '{{ ansible_user }}'        group: '{{ ansible_user }}'        mode: 0775        recurse: yes    - name: Sync hadoop config      template:        src: '{{ template_dir }}/{{ item }}'        dest: '{{ hadoop_conf_dir }}/{{ item }}'      with_items:         - core-site.xml        - hdfs-site.xml        - mapred-site.xml        - yarn-site.xml        - workers    - name: Config hadoop env      blockinfile:        dest: '{{ hadoop_conf_dir }}/hadoop-env.sh'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED HADOOP ENV"        block: |          export HADOOP_PID_DIR={{ hadoop_home }}/pid          export HADOOP_LOG_DIR={{ hadoop_data_dir }}/logs          JVM_OPTS="-XX:+AlwaysPreTouch"          export HDFS_JOURNALNODE_OPTS="-Xmx1G $JVM_OPTS $HDFS_JOURNALNODE_OPTS"          export HDFS_NAMENODE_OPTS="-Xmx4G $JVM_OPTS $HDFS_NAMENODE_OPTS"          export HDFS_DATANODE_OPTS="-Xmx8G $JVM_OPTS $HDFS_DATANODE_OPTS"    - name: Config yarn env      blockinfile:        dest: '{{ hadoop_conf_dir }}/yarn-env.sh'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED YARN ENV"        block: |          JVM_OPTS=""          export YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_OPTS="$JVM_OPTS $YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_OPTS"          export YARN_NODEMANAGER_OPTS="$JVM_OPTS $YARN_NODEMANAGER_OPTS"

config-hbase.yml

---- name: Change HBase Config  hosts: hbase_nodes  gather_facts: no  any_errors_fatal: true  vars:    template_dir: ../conf/hbase    hbase_home: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hbase'    hbase_conf_dir: '{{ hbase_home }}/conf'    hbase_data_dir: '{{ data_dir }}/hbase'    hbase_log_dir: '{{ hbase_data_dir }}/logs'    hbase_gc_log_dir: '{{ hbase_log_dir }}/gc'  tasks:    - name: Include common vars      include_vars: file=vars.yml    - name: Create data directory      become: true      file:        state: directory        path: '{{ item }}'        owner: '{{ ansible_user }}'        group: '{{ ansible_user }}'        mode: 0775        recurse: yes      with_items:        - '{{ hbase_data_dir }}'        - '{{ hbase_log_dir }}'        - '{{ hbase_gc_log_dir }}'    - name: Sync hbase config      template:        src: '{{ template_dir }}/{{ item }}'        dest: '{{ hbase_conf_dir }}/{{ item }}'      with_items:         - hbase-site.xml        - backup-masters        - regionservers    - name: Config hbase env      blockinfile:        dest: '{{ hbase_conf_dir }}/hbase-env.sh'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED HBASE ENV"        block: |          export HBASE_LOG_DIR={{ hbase_log_dir }}          export HBASE_OPTS="-Xss256k -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch $HBASE_OPTS"          export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS -Xlog:gc:{{hbase_gc_log_dir}}/gc-hmaster-%p-%t.log"          export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS -Xlog:gc:{{hbase_gc_log_dir}}/gc-hregion-%p-%t.log"

config-metrics.yml

---- name: Install Metrics Package  hosts: "{{ groups['hadoop_nodes'] + groups['hbase_nodes'] }}"  gather_facts: no  any_errors_fatal: true  vars:    local_repo: '../repo/metrics'    remote_repo: '~/repo/metrics'    template_dir: ../conf/metrics    default_conf: jmx_exporter.yml    export_tmpl: '{{template_dir}}/exports'    target_tmpl: '{{template_dir}}/targets'    metrics_dir: '{{ deploy_dir }}/prometheus'    hadoop_home: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop'    hbase_home: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hbase'    jmx_exporter: 'jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.16.1.jar'    agent_path: '{{ metrics_dir }}/{{ jmx_exporter }}'    namenode_metrics_port: 7021    datanode_metrics_port: 7022    journalnode_metrics_port: 7023    resourcemanager_metrics_port: 7024    nodemanager_metrics_port: 7025    historyserver_metrics_port: 7026    hmaster_metrics_port: 7027    regionserver_metrics_port: 7028    host_to_ip: |      { {% for h in groups['nodes'] %} {% for n in hostvars[h]['hostname'].split() %}       "{{ n }}" : "{{ h }}" ,      {% endfor %} {% endfor %} }    hadoop_metrics:      - { env: 'HDFS_NAMENODE_OPTS', conf: 'namenode.yml', port: '{{namenode_metrics_port}}',  }      - { env: 'HDFS_DATANODE_OPTS', conf: 'datanode.yml', port: '{{datanode_metrics_port}}'}      - { env: 'HDFS_JOURNALNODE_OPTS', conf: 'journalnode.yml', port: '{{journalnode_metrics_port}}' }      - { env: 'YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_OPTS', conf: 'resourcemanager.yml', port: '{{resourcemanager_metrics_port}}' }      - { env: 'YARN_NODEMANAGER_OPTS', conf: 'nodemanager.yml', port: '{{nodemanager_metrics_port}}' }      - { env: 'MAPRED_HISTORYSERVER_OPTS', conf: 'historyserver.yml', port: '{{historyserver_metrics_port}}' }    hbase_metrics:      - { env: 'HBASE_MASTER_OPTS', conf: 'hmaster.yml', port: '{{hmaster_metrics_port}}' }      - { env: 'HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS', conf: 'regionserver.yml', port: '{{regionserver_metrics_port}}'}  tasks:    - name: test connectivity      ping:    - name: copy metrics package      copy:          src: '{{ local_repo }}'          dest: '~/repo'    - name: ensure metrics dir      become: true      file:         path: '{{ metrics_dir }}'        owner: '{{ ansible_user }}'        group: '{{ ansible_user }}'        state: directory    - name: install jmx exporter      copy:        src: '{{ remote_repo }}/{{ jmx_exporter }}'        dest: '{{ metrics_dir }}/{{ jmx_exporter }}'        remote_src: yes    - name: fetch exist exporter config      stat:        path: '{{ export_tmpl }}/{{ item }}'      with_items: "{{ (hadoop_metrics + hbase_metrics) | map(attribute='conf') | list }}"      register: metric_tmpl      run_once: yes      connection: local    - name: update hadoop exporter config      vars:        metrics_ip: '{{host_to_ip[inventory_hostname]}}'        metrics_port: '{{ item.port }}'        custom_tmpl: "{{ item.conf in (metric_tmpl | json_query('results[?stat.exists].item')) }}"      template:        src: '{{ export_tmpl }}/{{ item.conf if custom_tmpl else default_conf }}'        dest: '{{ metrics_dir }}/{{ item.conf }}'      with_items: '{{ hadoop_metrics }}'      when: inventory_hostname in groups['hadoop_nodes']    - name: update hbase exporter config      vars:        metrics_ip: '{{host_to_ip[inventory_hostname]}}'        metrics_port: '{{ item.port }}'        custom_tmpl: "{{ item.conf in (metric_tmpl | json_query('results[?stat.exists].item')) }}"      template:        src: '{{ export_tmpl }}/{{ item.conf if custom_tmpl else default_conf }}'        dest: '{{ metrics_dir }}/{{ item.conf }}'      with_items: '{{ hbase_metrics }}'      when: inventory_hostname in groups['hbase_nodes']    - name: config hadoop-env.sh      blockinfile:        dest: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED DEFAULT HADOOP METRIC ENV"        block: |          {% for m in hadoop_metrics %}          export {{m.env}}="-javaagent:{{agent_path}}={{m.port}}:{{metrics_dir}}/{{m.conf}} ${{m.env}}"          {% endfor %}      when: inventory_hostname in groups['hadoop_nodes']    - name: config hbase-env.sh      blockinfile:        dest: '{{ deploy_dir }}/hbase/conf/hbase-env.sh'        marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED DEFAULT HBASE METRIC ENV"        block: |          {% for m in hbase_metrics %}          export {{m.env}}="-javaagent:{{agent_path}}={{m.port}}:{{metrics_dir}}/{{m.conf}} ${{m.env}}"          {% endfor %}      when: inventory_hostname in groups['hbase_nodes']    - name: ensure generated target dir      file:         path: '/tmp/gen-prometheus-targets'        state: directory      run_once: yes      connection: local    - name: generate target config to /tmp/gen-prometheus-targets      template:        src: '{{ target_tmpl }}/{{ item }}'        dest: '/tmp/gen-prometheus-targets/{{ item }}'      with_items:         - hadoop-cluster.yml        - hbase-cluster.yml        - zk-cluster.yml      run_once: yes      connection: local

操作步骤

配置中控机

• 安装 Ansible

必须禁用 SSH 登陆询问，否则后面的安装步骤可能卡住

初始化机器

1. 修改 hosts 配置（必须为 IP 格式）

• [nodes] 列出集群中所有节点
• [newborn] 列出集群中未部署安装包的节点

2. 执行 ansible-playbook book/sync-host.yml
3. 执行 ansible-playbook book/install-hadoop.yml
4. 修改 hosts 配置

• [newborn] 清空该组节点

配置并启动 Zookeeper

1. 修改 hosts 配置（必须配置 ansible_user 与 myid）

• [zk_nodes] 列出集群中所有 ZK 节点

2. 修改 book/config-zk.yml 调整 JVM 参数
3. 执行 ansible-playbook book/config-zk.yml

配置 Hadoop

1. 修改 hosts 配置

• [hadoop_nodes] 列出集群中所有 Hadoop 节点
• [namenodes] 集群中所有 NameNode（必须配置 id，rpc_port，http_port）
• [datanodes] 集群中所有 DataNode
• [journalnodes] 集群中所有 JournalNode（必须配置 journal_port）
• [resourcemanagers] 集群中所有 ResourceManager（必须配置 id，peer_port，tracker_port，scheduler_port，web_port）

2. 修改 book/config-hadoop.yml 调整 JVM 参数
3. 执行 ansible-playbook book/config-hadoop.yml

启动 HDFS

1. 在所有 JournalNode 节点上，启动 journalnode 服务

ansible journalnodes -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && nohup hdfs --daemon start journalnode'# 查看是否存在进程 JournalNodeansible journalnodes -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep JournalNode'

2. 在 nn1 节点上，格式化 NameNode 并启动 namenode 服务

ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && hdfs namenode -format'ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && nohup hdfs --daemon start namenode'ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep NameNode'

3. 其余 NameNode 节点同步 nn1 的元数据信息 并启动 namenode 服务

ansible 'namenodes[1:]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby'ansible 'namenodes[1:]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && nohup hdfs --daemon start namenode'ansible 'namenodes[1:]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep NameNode'

4. 在所有 DataNode 节点上启动 datanode 服务（提前检查 DataNode 配置是否正常）

ansible datanodes -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && nohup hdfs --daemon start datanode'ansible datanodes -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep DataNode'

5. 检查 NameNode 是否处于 Standby 状态

ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1'ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn2'

6. 初始化 DFSZKFailoverController 的状态

ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && hdfs zkfc -formatZK'

7. 重启 HDFS 集群

ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && stop-dfs.sh'ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && start-dfs.sh'# 查看是否存在 DFSZKFailoverController 进程ansible 'namenodes' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep FailoverController'

5. 检查 NameNode 是否处于 Active 状态

ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1'ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn2'

启动 YARN

ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && start-yarn.sh'# 查看是否存在进程 ResourceManager 与 NodeManageransible 'hadoop_nodes' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep Manager'

查看各个 ResourceManager 的状态，找到 Active RM

ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm1'ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm2'

配置 HBase

1. 修改 hosts 配置

• [hbase_nodes] 列出集群中所有 HBase 节点
• [hmasters] 集群中所有 HMaster
• [regionservers] 集群中所有 RegionServer

2. 修改 book/config-hbase.yml 调整 JVM 参数
3. 执行 ansible-playbook book/config-hbase.yml

启动 HBase

ansible 'hmasters[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && nohup start-hbase.sh'# 查看是否存在进程 HMaster 与 RegionServeransible 'hbase_nodes' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep H'

配置监控

1. 修改 book/install-metrics.yml 调整 JVM 参数
2. 在 book/install-metrics.yml 定制不同节点的配置
3. 执行 ansible-playbook book/install-metrics.yml
4. 重启服务

# 关闭 HBaseansible 'hmasters[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && stop-hbase.sh'ansible 'hbase_nodes' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep H'# 关闭 Hadoopansible 'resourcemanagers[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && stop-yarn.sh'ansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && stop-dfs.sh'ansible 'hadoop_nodes' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && jps | grep -v "Jps\|QuorumPeerMain"'# 启动 HDFSansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && start-dfs.sh'# 检查 HDFS# curl my.hadoop1:7021/metrics# curl my.hadoop1:7022/metrics# curl my.hadoop1:7023/metrics# 启动 YARNansible 'namenodes[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && start-yarn.sh'# 检查 YARN# curl my.hadoop3:7024/metrics# curl my.hadoop3:7025/metrics# 启动 HBaseansible 'hmasters[0]' -m shell -a 'source /etc/profile && nohup start-hbase.sh'# 检查 HBase# curl my.hbase1:7027/metrics# curl my.hbase1:7028/metrics

安装 Prometheus 与 Grafana

• 安装 Prometheus（参考附录）
• 安装 Grafana（参考附录）

附录

安装 Ansible

安装依赖

• 安装 pip（版本为 Python 2.7）

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py -o get-pip.pypython get-pip.py --userpip -V

• 安装依赖库

sudo yum install -y gcc glibc-devel zlib-devel rpm-build openssl-develsudo yum install -y python-devel python-yaml python-jinja2 python2-jmespath

编译安装

而 Python2 仅支持 2.9 系列，因此无法通过 yum 进行安装

下载 ansible 2.9.27 源码，在本地编译安装

wget https://releases.ansible.com/ansible/ansible-2.9.27.tar.gztar -xf ansible-2.9.27.tar.gzpushd ansible-2.9.27/python setup.py buildsudo python setup.py installpopdansible --version

配置免密登陆

• 在主控机生成密钥

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 3072cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

• 受控机访问授权

cat <<EOF >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keysssh-rsa XXXEOF

• 禁用受控机 SSH 登陆询问

vim /etc/ssh/ssh_config# 在 Host * 后加上Host *        StrictHostKeyChecking no

安装 Prometheus

创建 prometheus 用户

sudo useradd --no-create-home --shell /bin/false prometheus# 授予sudo权限sudo visudoprometheus ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

在官网找到下载链接

wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.35.0/prometheus-2.35.0.linux-amd64.tar.gztar -xvf prometheus-2.35.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz && sudo mv prometheus-2.35.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus-2.35.0 sudo mkdir -p /data/prometheus/tsdbsudo mkdir -p /etc/prometheussudo ln -s /usr/local/prometheus-2.35.0 /usr/local/prometheussudo mv /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml /etc/prometheussudo chown -R prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/prometheus/sudo chown -R prometheus:prometheus /data/prometheussudo chown -R prometheus:prometheus /etc/prometheus

添加到系统服务 (配置格式)

sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service# 新增以下内容[Unit]Description=Prometheus ServerDocumentation=https://prometheus.io/docs/introduction/overview/Wants=network-online.targetAfter=network-online.target[Service]User=prometheusGroup=prometheusType=simpleExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus \    --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \    --storage.tsdb.path=/data/prometheus/tsdb \    --web.listen-address=:9090[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动服务

sudo systemctl start prometheus.service# 查看服务状态systemctl status prometheus.service# 查看日志sudo journalctl -u prometheus# 测试 curl 127.0.0.1:9090

修改配置 prometheus.yml

scrape_configs:  - job_name: "prometheus"    file_sd_configs:      - files:        - targets/prometheus-*.yml        refresh_interval: 1m  - job_name: "zookeeper"    file_sd_configs:      - files:        - targets/zk-cluster.yml        refresh_interval: 1m    metric_relabel_configs:    - action: replace      source_labels: ["instance"]      target_label: "instance"      regex: "([^:]+):.*"      replacement: "$1"  - job_name: "hadoop"    file_sd_configs:      - files:        - targets/hadoop-cluster.yml        refresh_interval: 1m    metric_relabel_configs:    - action: replace      source_labels: ["__name__"]      target_label: "__name__"      regex: "Hadoop_[^_]*_(.*)"      replacement: "$1"    - action: replace      source_labels: ["instance"]      target_label: "instance"      regex: "([^:]+):.*"      replacement: "$1"  - job_name: "hbase"    file_sd_configs:      - files:        - targets/hbase-cluster.yml        refresh_interval: 1m    metric_relabel_configs:    - action: replace      source_labels: ["instance"]      target_label: "instance"      regex: "([^:]+):.*"      replacement: "$1"    - action: replace      source_labels: ["stat"]      target_label: "stat"      regex: "(.*)th_percentile"      replacement: "p$1"

增加 targets

pushd /etc/prometheus/targetssudo cat <<EOF >> prometheus-servers.yml- targets:  - localhost:9090  labels:    service: prometheusEOFsudo cat <<EOF >> zk-cluster.yml- targets:  - my.zk1:7000  - my.zk2:7000  - my.zk3:7000  labels:    service: zookeeperEOFsudo cat <<EOF >> hadoop-cluster.yml- targets:  - my.hadoop1:7021  - my.hadoop2:7021  labels:    role: namenode    service: hdfs- targets:  - my.hadoop1:7022  - my.hadoop2:7022  - my.hadoop3:7022  - my.hadoop4:7022  labels:    role: datanode    service: hdfs- targets:  - my.hadoop1:7023  - my.hadoop2:7023  - my.hadoop3:7023  labels:    role: journalnode    service: hdfs- targets:  - my.hadoop3:7024  - my.hadoop4:7024  labels:    role: resourcemanager    service: yarn- targets:  - my.hadoop1:7025  - my.hadoop2:7025  - my.hadoop3:7025  - my.hadoop4:7025  labels:    role: nodemanager    service: yarnEOFsudo cat <<EOF >> hbase-cluster.yml- targets:  - my.hbase1:7027  - my.hbase2:7027  labels:    app: hmaster    service: hbase- targets:  - my.hbase1:7028  - my.hbase2:7028  - my.hbase3:7028  - my.hbase4:7028  labels:    app: regionserver    service: hbaseEOF

安装 Grafana

安装服务

在官网找到下载链接（选择 OSS 版）：

wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-8.5.0-1.x86_64.rpmsudo yum install grafana-8.5.0-1.x86_64.rpm# 查看安装后生成的配置文件rpm -ql grafana

修改配置 grafana.ini

sudo vim /etc/grafana/grafana.ini# 存储路径[paths]data = /data/grafana/datalogs = /data/grafana/logs# 管理员账号[security]admin_user = adminadmin_password = admin

启动 grafana 服务

sudo mkdir -p /data/grafana/{data,logs} && sudo chown -R grafana:grafana /data/grafanasudo systemctl start grafana-serversystemctl status grafana-server# 测试 curl 127.0.0.1:3000

配置 LDAP

修改配置文件 grafana.ini

sudo vim /etc/grafana/grafana.ini# 开启 LDAP[auth.ldap]enabled = true# 调整日志等级为 debug 方便调试（可选）[log]level = debug

增加 ldap 配置 参考

sudo vim /etc/grafana/ldap.toml[[servers]]# LDAP服务host = "ldap.service.com"port = 389# 访问授权bind_dn = "cn=ldap_sync,cn=Users,dc=staff,dc=my,dc=com"bind_password = """???"""# 查找范围search_filter = "(sAMAccountName=%s)"search_base_dns = ["ou=Employees,dc=staff,dc=my,dc=com"]# 用户信息映射[servers.attributes]name = "givenname"surname = "cn"username = "cn"email =  "mail"# 权限映射相关配置，此处忽略...

启动 grafana 服务

systemctl restart grafana-server# 在界面登录，并观察日志（需要 ctrl + G 定位到末尾）sudo journalctl -u grafana-server

配置 Dashboard

添加数据源

使用 admin 账号登录，添加 Prometehues 作为数据源：

Configuration (侧边栏)  -> Data sources (进入子页面)    -> Add data source (蓝色按钮)      -> Prometheus (列表选项)        -> 填写 http 地址并点击 Save & Test (蓝色按钮)

添加 Dashboard

zookeeper 官方提供的配置指南 与默认 Dashboard

Create (侧边栏)  -> Import (进入子页面)    -> 填写 http 地址并点击 Load (蓝色按钮)      -> 选择 Prometehues 数据源并点击 Import (蓝色按钮)        -> 进入 Dashboard 后设置 Cluster (下拉框)            -> 点击右上角按钮 Save Dashboard (文件图标)

无现成的 Hbase Dashboard 模板，需要参考官网进行配置。

无现成的 Hadoop Dashboard 模板，需要参考官网与该文章进行配置。

为了方便各位懒人，这里给出几个简单 Dashboard 模板：

• Hadoop Dashboard
• HBase Dashboard
• JVM Dashboard

Patch HBase

HBase 对 JDK 12+ 存在兼容性问题，并且问题是最新的 Fix 只存在 3.0，并没有合并到 2.x，因此需要手动打 Patch 并参考 解决方案 直接替换 hbase-server.jar 即可，为了与 release 包一致，编译时使用 JDK 8。

但是实践中发现打包后的 jar 体积明显小于 release 包中的 hbase-server.jar
为了保险起见，决定只替换 class 文件，步骤如下：

# 将重新编译的 hbase-server-2.4.11.jar 重命名为 patch.jar# 将其与官方的 hbase-server-2.4.11.jar 拷贝到相同目录unzip patch.jar -d patchunzip hbase-server-2.4.11.jar -d hbase-server-2.4.11# 查找目标类所在路径jar -tf hbase-server-2.4.11.jar | grep HFileSystem.class# 查看 class 版本是否一致file patch/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/fs/HFileSystem.classfile hbase-server-2.4.11/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/fs/HFileSystem.class# 下载 cfr 用于反编译 jarwget https://www.benf.org/other/cfr/cfr-0.152.jar# 反编译 class java -jar cfr-0.152.jar hbase-server-2.4.11/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/fs/HFileSystem.class > A.javajava -jar cfr-0.152.jar patch/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/fs/HFileSystem.class > B.java# 查看修改是否成功diff A.java B.java# 检查完毕后，将 patch 后的 class 文件打包进 hbase-server-2.4.11.jar 包cd patchjar -uf ../hbase-server-2.4.11.jar org/apache/hadoop/hbase/fs/HFileSystem.class